NON-CONTACT MASSAGE©

Non-Contact Massage
Non-Contact Massage

Dr. Ignat Ignatov©

Dr. Irena Ivanova©

The book “Non-contact Massage” was published in 1995 by “Gea-Libris” publishing house. The description of each disease is divided into two parts. There is a brief anatomy and physiology explanation. This information is requisite for all those who practice unconventional (alternative) methodics. After each disease, the algorithm for non-contact diagnostics is shown depending on its etiology. The methodic for its bio-influence is constructed in a logical way. The part containing anatomy and physiology is presented. Diagnostics and biotherapy are taught in the program of Dr. Ignat Ignatov’s course. The author methodic of Dr. Ignatov for the bio-treatment of hypertonia and hypotonia© is also demonstrated.

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DISEASES OF THE LOCOMOTORY SYSTEM

Thelocomotory apparatus consists of bones, muscles, joints and tendons.The bones are the passive, and the muscles – the active part of thelocomotory system.

ARTHROSIS

Arthrosisis the most widespread disease of the locomotory apparatus. Itaffects different joints.

The twosexes are equally affected. According to statistics, the mostprevalent is the arthrosis of the spine (Spondylarthrosisdeformans), followed by arthrosis of the knee joint (Gonarthrosis),of the pelvic-femoral joint (Coxarthrosis), etc. The degenerativechanges with age should not be confused with the illness of arthrosisitself. According to biomechanical theories, this illness developswhen there is a mechanical disparity between the strain on a certainjoint and the ability of the cartilage to bear it.

The moreadvanced the illness, the more it is accompanied by a painsymptomatic.

Thereasons for the origination of arthrosis are many: traumas, pastdiseases, static anomalies, inborn malformations and hereditarypredisposition.

Foroptimal treatment, the strain on the diseased joint should be kept toa minimum.

There is agreat number of healers who are very good at adjusting dislocatedjoints. A joint that is not well adjusted after a trauma, is aprerequisite for the appearance of arthrosis. For this reason, manysportsmen get affected by this disease after termination of theiractive competitive activity.

ARTHRITIS

When acertain joint is inflamed, we are talking about arthritis, and thejoint pain is called arthralgia. Two of the most frequently occurringforms of arthritis are rheumatoid arthritis and infectious-allergicarthritis.

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

Rheumatoidarthritis is an illness spread among people who live in damp and coldplaces. There are a number of hypotheses for its origin –infectious, autoimmune, hereditary, etc. For now the autoimmunehypothesis is most acceptable as it can clarify the differentmechanisms of rheumatoid arthritis. The hypothesis explains how thejoint ligaments and the capsule are being destroyed. This illnessusually affects children and young people. If it appears at a laterage, it is probably a recurrence from a younger age. In the firststage of the disease, osteoporosis (decrease of bone density) isbeing observed and the joint slot is preserved.

At thisstage, a successful operation can be effected and after it patientscan feel good for years. In the initial stage man does not payattention and the process can lead to deformations of the affectedjoints. The disease is usually manifested in the small joints, butgradually the large ones are pervaded as well. This is alreadyrheumatoid polyarthritis.

In thesecond phase of the disease, complex organic changes are initiated.Alterations of the joint capsule occur, the muscles that set inmotion the ailing joint melt, fingers and toes get immobilized.Rheumatoid arthritis leads to disability. The disease affectsinternal organs as well.

INFECTIOUS ARTHRITIS

As aresult of an infectious and allergic process in the organism,prerequisites for the inflammation of one or more joints can occur.Pain, swellings and limitation of the movement of the ailing jointappear, like in all arthritic cases.

When amicrobe agent has gotten into the joint, the treatment is easier. Theinfection is treated in an anti-inflammatory way with biotherapy. Itsadvantage is that bio-energy can be concentrated in the ailing joint.

Duringtreatment and after that, there should be a follow-up of howatmospheric changes and movement affect the patient.

Colds areto be reckoned with. If there are inflammatory processes in theorganism (sinusitis, granulomas, etc.), they should be treated firstand then the infectious arthritis.

When anallergy is the reason for the joint inflammation, treatment isharder. The allergen should be discovered with a test – it could bemedications, pollen, chemical substances, etc. Until a precisediagnosis is made, no herbal remedies should be applied either,because they could contain allergens. After the establishment of thediagnosis and the successful treatment of the allergy, arthritiscould be effectively treated with bio-influence.

OSTEOCHONDROSIS (DISCOPATHY)

There aremany professions in which the spine is seriously strained. Straining,like age changes and past infections leads to degenerativealterations of the spine. As a result of this, the space between thevertebrae gets constricted and this leads to discopathy. In thehorizontal part of the vertebrae, osteophytes (exostoses) occur,because the inter-vertebral disks are crushed.

Osteochondrosisis most often observed in the five lumbar vertebrae (L1-5). The nextlocation, susceptible to the disease, is the area of the sevencervical vertebrae (С1-7). The twelve thoracic vertebrae (Тh1-12)are least affected. A particular case of illness of the spinalvertebrae is the Spina bifida – inborn breach in the connection ofthe vertebral arcs. Spina bifida can be closed and open. The open oneoccurs very rarely. The closed one affects most often the lowerlumbar or the upper sacral vertebrae. This type of anomaly can haveno clinical symptoms or there could be bedwetting in children,radiculitis or sciatica.

Someimportant rules should be known in order not to let the illness turnchronic and to safeguard ourselves from further change for the worse.

Eachkilogram above the norm leads to a larger strain on the spine. Thespace between the vertebrae decreases and prerequisites fordiscopathy occur. This is why the treatment of such people will onlyhave a temporary effect, if they do not take serious measures toreduce their redundant weight. The osteochondroses received afterpregnancy are of similar character. The spine of women is under heavystrain and especially in the last months before the birth theprobability of getting discopathy is very big. Several days after thebirth, medical procedures can be applied, which are always effectiveas the trauma is recent.

People whoare completely healthy could also have prerequisites forosteochondrosis, the reason for this being the incorrect position ofthe body when sitting or staying upright. When a person walks with anabdomen protruding forward and a light crouch, he puts a rather heavystrain on the fifth lumbar vertebra. He feels relief if he isslightly relaxed and his waist is somewhat to the back. When a personwalks or sits, he should never bend for a longer time to the left orto the right or twist his body, because this puts an additionalstrain on the spine. If we sit on our pelvis and place our hands onour waist, we will be surprised by the great strain that is feltthere. The situation changes if we move the strain to the hips. Thenthe risks of developing discopathy are fewer.

Osteochondrosisis accompanied by neurological problems – sciatica, radiculitis,plexitis. With correct therapy, complaints disappear. It is perilousto apply different techniques on the spine in cases of disk hernia,Spina bifida, Behterev’s disease, spondylarthrosis, in old peopleand pregnant women.

TENDOVAGINITIS

Tendovaginitisis a chronic inflammation of the tendons and their sheaths. Thereason for its appearance is unknown. The inflammation is not due tobacterial infection. Focal points and chronic overstress are ofsignificance.

Tendovaginitiscan be non-specific (provoked by identical movements of one muscle ora group thereof) or specific – in cases of rheumatoid arthritis,tuberculosis and suppurative processes.

With theadvancement of the disease, swellings and pain become stronger andmovement of the fingers becomes impossible, because of theinflammation of the tendons’ sheaths.

MYOSITIS

In manypeople, pain and muscle swellings can emerge. They have a temporarycharacter and often disappear after a rest. These illnesses areexceptionally favorably influenced by natural means. Compressesindicated for arthroses have a very good effect in these cases.

OSTEOPOROSIS

Osteoporosisappears when bone density decreases due to loss of mineralsubstances. The reasons for these diseases can be due to advanced ageor can result from other illnesses. After the age of 45, the decreaseof bone substance is very strongly manifested. After menopause, theloss is doubled in women. This is why bones of aging people areeasily broken and hard to heal after a fracture.

Behterev’sdisease, rheumatoid arthritis and arthrosis lead to osteoporosis. Thediseases of the locomotory system are not the only ones to provoke ararefying of the bone tissue. Blood cancer, alcoholism, liver andkidney disease often lead to osteoporosis. People who have usedsteroid hormones are also at a risk. Last but not least, therarefying of the bone tissue is influenced by hereditarypredisposition.

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DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

RHINITIS (COLD)

Rhinitisis the most common disease of the upper respiratory tract. It canappear independently or it can be the initial phase of an infectiousprocess.

Rhinitisis caused by different viruses or microorganisms (bacteria). Besidesthe infection, conducive factors are also observed as a chill,overwork, intoxication, etc., as it is well known that healthy peopledo not get a cold. The cooling even of body parts, which are distantfrom the nose, causes neural-reflex disturbances in the nasal mucosaand decrease of its resistance possibilities. In infectious diseases,the agents of the cold reach the nose through the blood flow. Anacute cold can also appear in the inhalation of harmful gases, of dryor hot air, etc.

Acuterhinitis can become chronic. Frequent acute rhinitis can lead topermanent changes in the nasal mucosa resulting in chronic rhinitis.The diseases of the cardiovascular system, the liver and the kidneyscan also lead to chronic rhinitis. The different allergic states andmetabolic disturbances cause permanent nasal changes – the cause ofthe chronic cold.

Chronicrhinitis can be: catarrhal hypertrophic (most often caused by adistortion of the nasal barrier) and atrophic (obscure etiology).

The reviewof the prime causes for the appearance of rhinitis shows it is noteasily curable. It is most difficult to treat when the patient hasproblems with his cardiovascular system, the liver or the kidneys. Insuch cases, if these diseases are not treated as well, the effect ofthe influence on the cold is only temporary. When allergies aresuspected, a test should be made. There should be no herb intakebefore that as herbs could contain allergens.

ACUTE LARYNGITIS

Acutelaryngitis is one of the most common diseases of the upperrespiratory tract. Its conducive factors are the general and thelocal cold. It can also be caused by different chemical andmechanical irritants, acute infections in the organism. It is mostfrequent in the autumn-winter period and in the beginning of spring.

Thedisease is characterized by throat dryness, dry and irritating coughand a hoarse voice.

CHRONIC LARYNGITIS

Chroniclaryngitis often develops after frequent acute inflammations of thelarynx, after chronic overstrain of vocal cords, alcohol andcigarette abuse, continuous inhalation of air containing dust andother irritating chemical substances. If the factors causing theillness are eliminated, it can be completely treated, in the contrarycase, the patient could reach full aphonia (loss of voice).

LUNG EMPHYSEMA

Lungemphysema is a dilation of the alveoli. Usually it is related tochronic bronchitis and the two diseases often go together. The causesfor emphysema are many – smoking, dust and gases into the air,everyday life factors, cold and damp climate, infections, etc. Menare more prone to this disease than women. Emphysema is oftenobserved in old age.

BRONCHIAL ASTHMA

Bronchialasthma is an allergic disease characterized with periodic fits ofexpiratory air (constriction during expiration) due to a spasm of thesmooth musculature of the bronchiole. As a result of this spasm,edema of the bronchial mucosa and an intensified secretion isobserved.

Bronchialasthma develops as a result of the organism’s susceptibility tosome allergens. Upon repeated contact of the human organism with thesame allergens, an antigen-antibody reaction is observed, abronchiole spasm develops and dense secretion is retained in thebronchi.

Theallergens that participate in the appearance of this allergicreaction are: external (from the environment) and internal(bacterial, hormonal, etc.)

Theasthmatic fit – the most characteristic manifestation of thedisease, could last from several minutes to several hours. Fits couldbe repeated over a different interval of time – every day, severaltimes a day, every several weeks, etc. The factors determining theirgravity and frequency cannot be determined precisely.

SINUSITIS

Generally,sinusitis could be acute or chronic.

Acutesinusitis appears most often after an acute rhinitis. Different teethdiseases (granulomas, cysts, etc. of the 5th, 6th,7th and 8th tooth of the upper jaw) could causea maxillary sinusitis. Sinusitis is caused by allergies, bacteria(streptococci, staphylococci, pneumococci) or flu viruses. Themaxillary sinuses are most often affected by the infection.

Acutesinusitis can become chronic usually after incorrect treatment or dueto lack of treatment. The distortion of the nasal barrier, thehypertrophic processes and the tumor masses in the nose, as well asthe untreated purulent processes in the teeth area could further thedevelopment of chronic sinusitis.

Besidesmaxillary, there is also sphenoidal (above the maxillary sinuses) andfrontal (on the forehead) sinusitis.

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DISEASES OF THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

HYPERTONIC DISEASE (HIGH BLOODPRESSURE)

Hypertensionis a common disease and a serious medical problem. Nervous and mentalexhaustion plays a basic role in its manifestation. High bloodpressure is often a problem for intellectuals, scientific workers,etc. Some additional factors, like hereditary predisposition, arealso of significance for the development of the disease. Peoplebetween 40 and 60 years of age are most prone to hypertonia. Yetrecently the disease occurs among younger people as well. Both sexessuffer equally from it. The city population suffers more.

Hypertensionthat has appeared without a provable reason is called essential. Itoccurs in 80 percent of the cases. In the remaining 20 percent, wehave the symptomatic (secondary) hypertonia. The reason for thesystolic limit to be above 140, and the diastolic limit to be above90 mm of the mercury column, is in diseases of the internal organsand of the endocrine glands. Chronic nephritis, pyelonephritis,polycystic kidneys are the most frequent diseases leading to highblood pressure. Atherosclerosis, thyroid hyper-function, pituitaryhyper-function, adrenal hyper-function, diseases of the aorta, arethe next factors causing hypertension.

The mostfrequent complaints of the patient are nervous agitation, headache,tachycardia, vertigo, dizziness, nose bleed, easy fatigue. In thebeginning of the disease, the arterial pressure in certain momentsrises above the norm. This is the first stage. At this pointtreatment is most favorable. If no serious attention is paid, thesystolic and the diastolic indications remain constantly increased.Then we have hypertension stage II. Changes in the retina areobserved, the heart could undergo hypertrophic alterations, later onan insufficiency of the left chamber appears. Around 80 percent ofthe patients have ischemic disease. The kidney functions are impeded.With the advancement of hypertension, secondary pyelonephritis andkidney failure can occur. All organic changes are related to stageIII of the disease.

High bloodpressure is one of the most hazardous factors for civilized man. Itcould lead to brain stroke, hypertonic infarction and kidney failure.

HYPOTONIC DISEASE (LOW BLOODPRESSURE)

Hypotoniais characterized with low blood pressure and increase of the venousinflow to the heart. This raises the work of the cardiac muscle andchronically burdens it. The hypotonia disturbances originate fromnerve and mental stress related to the cortex and the subcortex.

AUTHORMETHODIC OF DR. IGNATOV© FOR THE BIO-TREATMENT OF HYPERTONIA ANDHYPOTONIA

Themethodic for the treatment of high and low blood pressure is based onan influence on the sympathetic and the parasympathetic part of thevegetative nervous system. When the vegetative nervous system doesnot work in harmony, changes in blood pressure occur. In each man,one of the hands emits a stronger energy current. The temperature ofthis hand is higher and provisionally we accept it as positive. Thehand with the weaker energy and with the lower temperature isnegative. According to the character of the disease, the hand thatinfluences is of great significance for the positive medical effect.

Inhypertonia, the weaker hand should be used to obtain a soothingeffect. If high blood pressure is a result of a neurosis, a generaltranquilization procedure is effected. Blood pressure decreases whenthe palm is perpendicular to the spine and slowly moves downwards.After the completion of one pass, the movements are repeated again.After that the hand is placed on the solar plexus. One should knowhow much to correct the blood pressure. It is best to regulate 10-20mm of the mercury column from the systolic and diastolic indicationsin one procedure. When values fall below 140/90 and are retained forseveral days, a permanent effect could be sought. The healer willassess when to terminate the influence, and the purpose is to obtaina result that is to last for at least two years.

There areplenty of cases of permanently influenced blood pressure when thereason for the ailment is on a nerve and mental basis. The resultsare much more valuable if there is influence on symptomatichypertonia. Then, besides the application of the methodic for theinfluence of high blood pressure, a correct treatment of the ailingorgan should also be effected. Without an improvement of itsfunctions, the result from the procedures would be temporary.

Inhypotonia the work is the same with the only difference that thestrong hand is used and movements start under the coccyx and endabove the head. A tranquilizing influence on the head is performed aswell.

Thetreatment of high and low blood pressure is an objective criterionfor influence on the vegetative and the central nervous system.

TACHYCARDIA

Tachycardiais an acceleration of cardiac activity in a state of rest with over100 beats per minute. The cardiac rhythm is correct. The diseasecreates unfavorable conditions for cardiac activity as the heartexpends more energy and the oxygen consumption is bigger.

BRADYCARDIA

Bradycardiais the slowdown of the cardiac rhythm to over 50 beats per minute.The cardiac rhythm is correct. Very rarely the cardiac rhythm fallsbelow 40 beats per minute. The physiological Bradycardia occurs insportsmen, in cases of fright, in cold weather.

ARRHYTHMIA

Arrhythmiais the alternation of decreased and increased cardiac activity. Thereare two types of arrhythmia.

EXTRASYSTOLIA

Theextrasystole is a premature contraction of the cardiac muscle, whichdisrupts the correct sequence of the cardiac contractions. Theextrasystole can be functional, reflex, toxic, mechanic and organic.Most people with extrasystole don’t have cardiac diseases.Nerve-reflex extrasystole appear in a reflex way through thestimulation of other external organs, most frequently the ones on theabdominal cavity. Extrasystole can occur in different organic cardiacdiseases as well.

PAROXYSMAL TACHYCARDIA

Paroxysmaltachycardia is a paroxysmal acceleration of the cardiac rhythm (above160-200 beats per minute), which remains correct. This tachycardiastarts and ends abruptly.

STENOCARDIA

Stenocardiais characterized by fits of chest pain. The basic reason for thesepains is the ischemia. In some cases stenocardia occurs due tostraining. It can also occur due to hypertonic states,thyrotoxicosis, valvular heart diseases. Fits of stenocardia arepossible even in a state of rest. Fits appearing during the night,when a person is asleep, have the worse prognoses.

Thestenocardiac pain is localized behind the breast bone. It spreads tothe neck, to the left half of the chest, along the left arm down tothe small and the fourth finger. The pain continues from 2 to 10minutes. It doesn’t last for hours. A pain that does not correspondto the description given above is not a stenocardiac pain.

ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE (IHD)

Ischemicheart disease (IHD) is an ailment of the coronary arteries, expressedin a constriction or occlusion of these arteries. As a result ofthis, coronary blood flow is impeded and the heart suffers due tooxygen insufficiency. The acute myocardial ischemia is manifested asstenocardia or infarction. Chronic ischemia most often leads to heartfailure or rhythm disorders.

IHD is awidespread disease. Men are most prone to it, and it occurs inincreasingly younger persons.

The mostfrequent reason for the appearance of IHD is the atherosclerosis ofthe coronary vessels. It occurs in 90 percent of the patients withstenocardia or infarction. In a very small percentage of thepatients, mainly young people or hypertonic patients, the IHD causeis vessel spasm.

RHEUMATISM

Rheumatismis a widespread disease. Most authors think that this is aninfectious disease, because of its cyclical nature and the hightemperature that accompanies it as well as the inflammatoryalterations in the tissues and the organs. It is accepted thatrheumatism is caused by the beta-hemolytic streptococci. According tothe allergy theory, rheumatism is an allergic disease.

Thefactors conducive to a streptococci infection and respectively to arheumatic disease are: the season, the humidity, the cold, thetraumas, the overstrain, and also the poor nutrition and the lack ofvitamins.

Statisticsindicates that the number one disease affecting the heart of childrenis rheumatism, and of adults – polyarthritis.

HEMORRHOIDS

Hemorrhoidsare an expansion of the venous anal plexus. They could be internaland external. As a result of the pressing of the abdominal wall dueto tumors, pregnancy and liver diseases, symptomatic hemorrhoids areobserved.

Thefactors leading to the formation of hemorrhoids are divided into twotypes:

Thedisease is slow and takes years.

ANEMIA

Anemia isa disease of the blood, characterized by a decrease of the content ofhemoglobin in the red blood cells and the decrease of erythrocytemass. The reasons are loss of blood, less iron and vitamin B12 in theorganism and erythrocyte destruction.

VARICOSE VEINS

Varicoseveins are a permanent expansion of the veins, accompanied byalterations of their walls. Most often varicose veins occur in thelower extremities, and very rarely do they occur in the upperextremities. In this expansion, veins increase their size and length,as a result of which the characteristic undulation of the vessels isachieved.

Thereasons for the appearance of the disease are unknown. Differentfactors are of significance – inborn weakness of the connectivetissue, flat feet, etc. There are mechanic preconditions for varicoseveins – standing upright for too long, in this position the venouspressure is increased.

There aretwo types of lower extremities varicose veins:

The factthat four-legged mammals do not suffer from varicose veins suppliesus with precious information regarding prophylaxis and treatment. Inthese mammals blood pressure in the extremities is symmetricallydistributed. People who work standing upright for long periods oftime, should benefit from doing the plough asana. Due to its toningeffect, it shouldn’t be done in the evening and in cases ofhypertonia. The treatment of varicose veins should be avoided incases of thrombophlebitis.

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DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM, THE LIVER AND THE GALL BLADDER

GASTRITIS

Gastritisis an inflammation of the stomach mucosa. It can be acute andchronic.

Acutegastritis is a damage of the stomach mucosa as a result of thermal,mechanical, allergic, infectious and other reasons. The consumptionof large quantities of alcohol and medication can also be conduciveto its appearance. Acute gastritis develops quickly, runs favorably,and passes for several days. Its frequent occurrence can lead to achronic status.

Some basicnutrition rules should be observed in the treatment of gastritis andof other inflammations of the stomach and intestinal tract. Theconsumption of cellulose food, of fried, hot and cold foods shout belimited. No peppery, salty and sour foods should be consumed as theystrongly irritate the stomach mucosa and the intestines.

STOMACH ULCER

Thestomach ulcer occurs rarely compared to the duodenum ulcer. Itappears most often between the 45th and the 55thyear and men are most prone to it than women.

It isconsidered that this ulcer is due to damaged mechanisms of thestomach mucosa. The acidity of the gastric juice is of no decisivesignificance because it is not increased in cases of stomach ulcers.The chronic inflammatory processes of the stomach mucosa, the intakeof medication, etc., influence the development of the ulcer.

Thestomach ulcer can be acute and chronic and of different size. Thepain appears soon after eating, it is felt in the pit of the stomachand is of a scalding and elastic character. Night pains are rare.Nausea and vomiting are also observed. In many cases the ulcer can beasymptomatic until healed or until a rupture and a hemorrhage appear.

DUODENAL ULCER

Theduodenal ulcer is the most frequent type of ulcer. It appears mostoften in the ages between 20 and 50. In many of the cases, complaintsare observed long before the ulcer is diagnosed. Men are most proneto this disease. In a large percentage of patients with duodenalulcer, an individual predisposition is observed, most often relatedto the reactivity of the vegetative nervous system. Hereditarypredisposition should also be taken under consideration.

Duodenalulcers most often occur in people with strenuous professions,irregular eating habits and disturbed sleep.

Thedisease is chronic and has a recurring character. Pain is usuallyrelated to nervous overstress and fatigue. It usually appears in thespring and in the autumn, most often between 16-17 o’clock. No painappears in the morning on an empty stomach. Usually the appetite isnot disturbed. The disease can appear irregardless of age and canhave a varying duration.

ENTERITIS

Enteritisis an inflammation of the small intestines. Usually the stomach andthe colon are also affected and actually the diagnosis turns out tobe gastroenteritis or enterocolitis. Enteritis as an isolated illnessof the small intestines is very rare.

There arediverse reasons for the development of acute enteritis. There arealso conducive factors, like poor nutrition, traumas and colds,tendency towards allergic reactions with the intake of specificfoods. The disturbances of the diet, the toxic foods, the toxic andinfectious agents (bacteria, viruses, etc.) are of greatestsignificance.

Thechronic inflammation of the small intestines leads to chronicenteritis. It could be a consequence of the acute enteritis or couldoriginate straight away, without an acute stage.

COLITIS

Colitis isan inflammation of the colon, which is usually affected by theinflammatory process together with the small intestines. The reasonsfor the origination of acute colitis can be different infectiousagents or diet disturbances. The illness has colic-like pains alongthe colon and diarrhea excrements.

Thefactors for the development of chronic colitis are the same like thefactors related to acute colitis. Chronic colitis is characterized bypain, diarrhea or constipation, colon hemorrhage.

Constipationis one of the symptoms characteristic for chronic colitis. This isthe retention of excrements for more than 48 hours. The consistenceof the excrements becomes hard due to their longer stay into thecolon and this leads to a more intensive absorption of water on theirpart. Constipation occurs frequently in people who have a sedentaryway of life, and also in people who do not consume fruit andvegetables.

CHRONIC HEPATITIS

This isthe name used to denote all inflammatory alterations of the liver.Chronic hepatitis can appear after viral hepatitis, but can also bean accompanying disease, and could also be the result of chronichepatitis or appear under the influence of different toxic substancesand medications.

CHOLELITHIASIS

Cholelithiasisis among the most frequent diseases. Women are most prone to thedisease than men, but in younger age. It is believed that pregnancyis conducive to the appearance of cholelithiasis.

Gallbladder stones are also observed in children under the age of 10, butonly in overweight girls. Cholelithiasis occurs twice as often indiabetic patients. Clinical manifestations of the disease are notobserved in all people with gall stones. The size and the number ofthe stones are also of significance. Gall bladder colics also appearoften in a multitude of small stones, which enter the canals. Largestones do not provoke complaints, the illness is asymptomatic and ismost often discovered by chance during a test made for a differentreason.

Gallbladder colics are provoked by different irritants – fried food,alcohol, physical strain, etc. The duration of the pain lasts up toseveral hours and is accompanied by nausea and vomiting.

GALLBLADDER DYSKINESIA

Thedisturbed normal motorics of the gallbladder canals is calleddyskinesia. There is no organic reason for these disturbances.Dyskinesia appears when there is functional inconsistency between themusculature of the gallbladder and the sphincter through which thegallbladder pours into the duodenum. Complaints are observed inpersons with nervous-vegetative dystonia. Most often these areneurotic women, and their complaints are intensified during nervoustension. Pains are changeable and depend on different unfavorableinfluences.

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DISEASES OF THE URINARY SYSTEM

ACUTE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

Thisfrequently occurring disease is a hematogenic inflammation of thekidneys. The reason for the development of acute glomerulonephritisis a past infection, most often a streptococci one - tonsillitis,sinusitis, tooth granuloma, etc. The remaining infections like flu,pneumonia, wound infection, are of less significance. Cold anddampness are conducive to the aggravation of the existing infectiousfoci. The patient feels languid and sleepy, complains of headache andbody aches.

CHRONIC NEPHRITIS

Chronicnephritis appears most often after acute glomerulonephritis or afterits incomplete treatment. The disease pervades the kidney parenchyma.No specific reasons causing chronic nephritis have been proven. Thereare cases when acute glomerulonephritis is asymptomatic, continuesfor several years without treatment and results in chronic nephritis.During the disease, aggravations are often observed. The mostimportant thing for the treatment of chronic nephritis is to find theacute glomerulonephritis on time and to cure it.

Chronickidney failure and uremia are often developed as a result of chronicnephritis. Men are more prone to the disease.

When theinfection pervades the renal pelvis, pyelitis appears. When itdevelops together with nephritis, we are talking aboutpyelonephritis.

Treatmentstarts with a diet. The intake of liquids should be increased,especially mineral water and juices. Peppery, sour and salty foods,alcohol and coffee should be avoided.

Glomerulonephritisand pyelonephritis lead to the decrease of urine secretion. This canbe caused by kidney stones or by kidney tumors.

CYSTITIS

Cystitisis an inflammation of the mucosa of the urinary bladder. It is causedby different irritants and microorganisms. Conducive factors are:colds, traumas of the urinary bladder, urine retention, tumors,pregnancy.

Theinfection could enter the urinary bladder through the urethra inwhich there are always pathogenic microorganisms in general. It couldalso be due to different inflammations of the kidneys through theurine flow. In cases of tonsil ailments and tuberculosis, theinfection can reach the urinary bladder through the blood flow.

Cystitiscould be acute and chronic. Acute cystitis is characterized withpains that differ in intensity and increase at the end of urination;after that a burning sensation is felt for a long time. Sometimesbleeding is observed.

Withchronic cystitis, complaints are more weakly expressed. Not onlyinflammations of the kidneys and the urinary bladder can lead to theappearance of blood in the urine. This could also be caused by kidneystones, allergies, tumors, hydronephrosis. The elongated clots showkidney bleeding, and the formless clots – from the urinary bladder.

When theurine bladder is inflamed, urinary incontinence may appear. Thishappens when after a continuous cystitis, the urine bladder does notperform its functions very well. There is also incontinence when thepelvic organs have prolapsed, in mental and endocrine diseases.

URETHRITIS

This is aninflammation of the urinary bladder. Most often the processoriginates in relation to Venereal diseases and even after theirtreatment, the problem remains. The patient feels pain and burningsensation during urination, there is a mucus matter outflow. If theacute phase is not being treated, the illness becomes chronic.Piquant foods and alcohol should be avoided during treatment. Thepatient should discontinue sexual contacts until full recovery.

NEPHROLITHIASIS

Nephrolithiasisis a common disease. Kidney stones are formed due to differentfactors – drinking water, food, peculiarities of the kidneysthemselves, urine stagnancy, etc.

Kidneystones have different size and form. There may not be any complaintsdue to their presence for a long time and the kidney colics canappear only when the stones start moving along the urinary tracts.Pain is sudden and localized in the lumbar area. It spreads along thecourse of the urinary tracts to the urinary bladder. The duration ofthe colics is from several hours to several days. Often the pain isaccompanied by nausea, vomiting and fever.

Dependingon the acid-alkaline character of urine (рН), different concrementsare formed. Water has a рН = 7 and is neutral. Acids have a рНfrom 1 to 7, and alkali – from 7 to 11. Urine is neutral when рНis from 6,4 to 6,7. The hardest stones are formed in a urine of lowacidity – these are the calcium-oxalate stones. In higher acidityurine, urate stones are formed. The alkaline urine is suitable forthe formation of phosphate stones. Calcium-phosphate stones areformed in a medium of low alkalinity, and magnesium-ammonia-phosphatestones in a medium of higher alkalinity.

The intakeof diverse food leads to the formation of urine that is differentwith regard to pH. This means that in order to have a successfultreatment of nephrolithiasis, mineral water should be drank and aproper diet should be applied. People who form oxalate stones shouldcease eating foliar vegetables, sugar products and plums. They shouldlimit the intake of milk products and tuberous vegetables.

In casesof urate stones, milk products, tuberous vegetables and fruits arerecommended. Animal intestines should be limited as they are rich inpurines.

In orderto limit the formation of the phosphate stones, meat and fish shouldbe consumed, and intake of milk, fruit and vegetables should belimited.

In thenatural treatment of nephrolithiasis, attention should be paid to thefact that the diameter of the two urinary tracts coming out of thekidneys is from 2 to 5mm. Stones with a larger diameter are difficultto excrete from the kidneys. It is good to find the illness in itsinitial stage. Then the probability for successful treatment ishigher.

ENDOCRINE DISEASES

Theendocrine glands produce vital hormones. They are richlyblood-supplied and their content is poured directly into the blood.They are related to the vegetative nervous system, which theyinfluence. The central nervous system also has an effect on theendocrine glands.

THYROID GLAND

Thethyroid gland is situated on both sides of the larynx and consists oftwo parts (lobes). It weighs around 35 g. The thyroid gland secretesthe hormones thyroxin and triiodothyronine. Theyregulate the oxidizing processes in the tissues, the suction ofcarbohydrates and the digestion of fats and proteins. They increasethe metabolism. The thyroid gland enlarges during menstruation andpregnancy.

THYROTOXICOSIS

Thyrotoxicosisis a nervous-endocrine disease. It is characterized mainly byhyper-function of the thyroid gland, which reflects on the activityof many organs and systems.

Thyrotoxicosisoccurs rather often. Women are more prone to the disease than men.

One of thereasons for the development of thyrotoxicosis are different traumaticnervous and mental influences leading to a breakdown of the highernervous activity. Other reasons are direct brain traumas, differentacute infections and intoxications.

Thedisease is characterized by increased irritability, decrease of mass,muscle weakness, increased perspiration, tachycardia, bulging of theeyes, disturbances of the menstrual cycle. A thyrotoxicosis crisiscan appear under the influence of different viruses or bacterialinfections during the course of the disease. Patients enter a stateof excessive nervous, muscular and motor agitation, their temperatureis high, they perspire heavily. The tachycardia can reach 180 beatsper minute. Arrhythmia appears. If no emergency measures are taken,this agitation could lead to a coma, and, as a result of pulmonaryedema, a tragic end could occur.

ENDEMIC GOITER

This is adisease, which affects a large part of the population in certaingeographic regions in the mountainous and the semi-mountainous partsof our country, where water has a decreased content of iodine. Thedisease is characterized by an increase of the thyroid gland. Otherfactors are of importance for the development of this ailment, likepoor living conditions, food with insufficient amounts of proteinsand vitamins, badly balanced diet, predominately with soya, beetroot,turnips, etc. The entire organism suffers, and the enlargement of thethyroid gland is the most obvious symptom. The function of thethyroid gland is not disturbed, with the exception of a very smallpercentage of the cases.

Safeguardingagainst endemic goiter and the treatment of its mild forms is done bythe intake of iodine into the organism under the form of potassiumiodide contained in the iodized cooking salt.

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METABOLIC DISEASES

SUGAR DIABETES

Sugar diabetes is a metabolic disease and is caused mainly by a shortage of secreted insulin. It is usually observed above the age of 50. People who are overweight and obese are more prone to the disease. The insufficient quantity of insulin, which is formed in the pancreas, leads to a general disorder of metabolism. The main manifestations of diabetes are: increased amount of urine, intake of a large quantity of liquids, increased thirst, increased appetite.

There are two forms of diabetes – insulin-dependent and non-insulin dependent. The first form is observed at a younger age. The second is observed most often in adults.

Diabetes leads to damage of different organs and systems. The blood vessels in the eyes are affected (diabetic retinopathy), atherosclerosis appears, arterial hypertonia, cardiac insufficiency, lung complications, polynephritis, skin and kidney diseases.

When sugar in the blood is significantly increased (15-20 mmol), a diabetic coma is developed. Ketone bodies are formed.

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DISEASES OF THE SEXUAL SYSTEM

FEMALE SEXUAL ORGANS

OVARIAN INSUFFICIENCY

Ovarianinsufficiency is in the basis of some symptoms, which can be acceptedas separate disease categories. Some of them are: delayed firstmenstruation, functional amenorrhea (lack of menstruation),hypoplasia (insufficient development) of the uterus, painfulmenstruation, etc.

It cannotbe said whether the disturbances are purely functional or there areanatomical changes as well because the ovaries change theiranatomical structure every month. Nevertheless, they are referred toas functional ovarian bleedings.

INFLAMMATORY DISEASES OF THE OVARIES

Inflammationsof the ovaries comprise around 10% of the diseases of female sexualorgans. Usually these diseases pervade the tubes as well due to theiranatomical position. Sterility reasons in women are largely due toinflammatory processes in the ovaries. These processes are caused bydifferent types of microorganisms. The infections spread in anascending direction (most often) and in a descending direction in theblood flow. Incorrectly performed manipulations could be conducive toinfections.

OVARIAN CYSTS

Ovariancysts are a type of benign tumor formations. There are differenttypes. It is possible to treat polycystic ovaries with naturalmethods.

In somecysts, spontaneous resorbtion of their content occurs and they can bepunctured during a gynecological test or to self-heal withoutcomplications.

MYOMA

The myomais the most frequent tumor of the uterus. It occurs mainly in womenaged between 36 and 45, mostly elderly, unmarried and withoutchildren. The reason for the origination of the tumor is unclear.There is an established relation between the ovarian function and thedevelopment of the myoma because after the removal of the ovaries,the myoma ceases to grow. The disease occurs very rarely in womenabove 50 years of age. After the ovaries discontinue their function,new myomas are not formed, and the existing ones cease to grow. Oftenmyomas don’t give any symptoms and are discovered accidentallyduring medical examinations for a different purpose. Their mostfrequent symptom is the hyper-menorrhea (heavy menstruation), whichcan be accompanied by pain. Some of the more rare symptoms are thedifferent discharges, uterine contractions, pains in the waist andthe abdomen. When diagnosing the myoma, it has to be decided whetheran operative treatment is needed.

MASTITIS AND MASTOPATHY

Mastitisis an inflammation of the mammary gland canals and is received aftergiving birth. The first thing to do is to drain the mammary glands.

Mastopathyis inflammation of the mammary glands. The reason can be diseasespast or it can be hormonal.

MALE SEXUAL ORGANS

ACUTE PROSTATITIS

This is anacute inflammation of the prostate. The reasons could be different –cystitis, urethritis, stones in the urinary bladder, infectiontransferred with the blood flow from purulent foci like angina,pneumonia, etc. Chronic constipation and sedentary way of life areconducive to this disease.

Acuteprostatitis is characterized by pain, fever, difficult urination.

CHRONIC PROSTATITIS

Developsmost often as a result of acute prostatitis. Characterized by a dull,unpleasant pain and disturbed sexual function.

Chronicprostatitis is treated with difficulty and often has acute phases.

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DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

Thenervous system is divided into a central, peripheral and vegetativenervous system. The central nervous system consists of brain(cerebrum) and spinal cord. The cranial nerves and the spinal nervesform the peripheral nervous system. Its function is to conduct theperceptions from the environment to the central nervous system andback. The analyzers – visual, auditory, dermal, vestibular, motiveand motor speech – connect the central nervous system with theenvironment through the large number of nervous agitations enteringthe cerebral cortex.

Thediseases of the nervous system are functional and organic. Infunctional diseases, the disorder of the nervous tissue istransitory, but, as a principle, there are no functional disturbanceswithout any structural alterations.

NEURALGIAS OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVES

They are afunctional disease. The possible reasons could be: traumas,intoxication, poor blood supply, etc. the symptoms are: severe painalong the nerve appearing spontaneously upon pressure or stretching.According to the localization of the neuralgic pain, there isneuralgia of the trigeminal nerve, intercostal neuralgia, andneuralgia of the sciatic nerve (sciatica).

SCIATICA

Sciaticais a common disease in which the pain along the sciatic nerve is themost important. It is caused by processes along the roots, thelumbar-sacral area and the stem of the nerve itself.

Sciaticais obtained as a result of local or general factors. The mostimportant ones are spondylosis and osteochondrosis. All vertebralprocesses of tumor or inflammatory character in the root area canlead to neuralgia of the sciatic nerve. Some diseases of organslocated in the pelvis (prostate or uterine carcinomas, adnexitis,etc.) could lead to this disease too. The sciatic nerve can also bedamaged by injecting medication in its stem. Infections andintoxications do not play such an important role in the originationof sciatica. The leading cause for the sciatic nerve neuralgias isosteochondrosis. The colds, the focal infections, etc. aresupplementary conditions.

RADICULITIS

Radiculitisis an inflammation of the nerve roots. In the sphere of thelumbar-sacral area of the spine these are the roots of the sciaticnerve. Radiculitis occurs most often in osteochondrosis in advancedyears. Rarely does the inflammation comprise only one root(monoradiculitis).

PLEXITIS

When theregion where nerve roots crisscross and interconnect is affected,plexitis appears. Upon inflammation of the plexuses radiating fromthe first to the fourth cervical vertebra, we have cervical plexitis,from the fifth to the seventh there is brachial plexitis. Theintercostal plexuses radiate from the twelve thoracic vertebrae, thelumbar plexuses – from the lumbar vertebrae, and the sacral nerves– from the five sacral vertebrae.

NEURITIS OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVES

Theybelong to the organic obliteration of the anatomical structure of thenerve like degeneration or destruction of the nerve filaments.

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BRAIN DISEASES

NEUROSES

Neuroses are functional diseases of the brain characterized by disturbance of the higher nervous activity of man. They have a transitory character. The stage of neuroses depends on the strength of the external stimulant and on the type of higher nervous activity of man. There are three types of neuroses: neurasthenia, psychasthenia and hysteria.

NEURASTHENIA

This is a disease characterized by significantly heightened neural agitation (weak internal retention), but the patient tires easily. The reasons for neurasthenia are the external stimulants, which act strongly and for a long period of time. These are nervous tension, strained mental work, family conflicts, household disorders, unrealized desires.

Neurasthenia is expressed in two forms – hyperstenic and hypostenic.

In hyperstenic neurasthenia there is an increased agitation on insignificant occasions, strong reactions, increased emotional response, headache, pain in the heart, the stomach and in almost all internal organs, insomnia. The patient wakes up tired and is exhausted all throughout the day, has difficulty concentrating and remembering. His pulse is quickened.

The hypostenic (suppressed) neurasthenia is expressed in almost the opposite symptoms. The reaction to external emotional stimulants is weak. The patient is flaccid, tired, unable to work, sleepy all throughout the day, does not enter into conflicts, takes everything in. He is usually gloomy (depressive syndrome), or fearful without a particular reason (fear syndrome). He often feel like crying, but sometimes – usually in the evening – he becomes more active. The hypostenic neurasthenia form appears as a second stage of the hyperstenic neurasthenia.

The cardiac neurosis is part of the general neurasthenic disease and is expressed in cardiac pains and accelerated pulse. It is a functional disease of the nerve tissue of the heart without any anatomical or cardio-graphical alterations.

PSYCHASTHENIA AND HYSTERIA

With these two diseases treatment is effected under the control of a physician. If a person has epileptic or hysterical fits, the application of a non-contact massage is counter indicative due to its stimulating effect. Biotherapy is not utilized in hemorrhages, pregnancies, malignant tumors, diseases with an unclear etiology. It is also hard to obtain an effect in inborn diseases.

LOGONEUROSIS

Logoneurosis is a disease most often affecting children. Stress situations, mental fatigue, emotional fits leave traces on the still infirm children’s psyche and cause this type of neurosis. As a result of the experienced mental stress, a disorder of the speech-kinetic functions appears, which is manifested as an incapacity to switch from one sound to another (most often a voiceless consonant) in the beginning of the word.

This speech defect renders a negative influence on the child’s psyche. Inferiority complexes develop, which could play a pernicious role in the child’s further development as a person. For this reason, one mustn’t wait for the defect to disappear, but should search for specialists in this field. With the passing of time, the “stuttering” deepens and acquires an automatic form, which becomes much harder to overcome.

Parallel with the logopedic sessions, psychiatric therapy in the family should also be effected. An obligatory condition is the provision of a serene atmosphere for play and studying. Walks in the park and mountain trips influence speech restoration favorably. The agents of affective mental states must be maximally isolated. Positive emotions, calm and quiet tone during dialogue are very beneficial. The speech of the stuttering child must be fluent, melodious, quiet, with rhythmic breathing. Contacts with children having the same defect should be avoided (this does not include specialized institutions for the treatment of this condition).

Logoneurosis is a serious ailment and the negligent attitude of parents could lead to a disorder of the entire mental state of the child.

MIGRAINE

Migraine is a strong and unpleasant headache located most often in one half of the head. It is manifested in attacks, which can continue from several minutes to several hours, even days. Sometimes it is accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Most often migraine attacks young people, especially women. Frequently the complaints are especially strong and painful and are not influenced by any medication.

Sometimes migraine is accompanied by an eye symptomatic (ophthalmological migraine), flashes of lighting appear in a zigzag form on the side of the headache, the function of the visual field on the same side is diminished. Then the patient temporarily loses vision on this side.The causes of migraine are not very clear. It is presumed that migraine appears as a result of vascular spasms and other microcirculatory disorders in the brain as a result of different disturbances: nervous vegetative agitation, mental overstrain and exhaustion, endocrine disturbances, metabolic disturbances, alcohol, nicotine and caffeine abuse.

Different means are used for its treatment as well as ways for improvement of the functional status of the nervous system and of the entire organism: physical methods for treatment and strengthening, physical culture, tourism, vitamin therapy. Some of the newer methods for reflex influencing of the pain like biotherapy, acupuncture also deserve attention. One shouldn’t forget that migraine patients have to be consulted and monitored by a neurologist and the treatment should be effected under his control.

BED WETTING

The reasons for this condition are varied: anomalies in the development of the urinary tracts, psychogenic factors, psycho traumas, different diseases (endocrine conditions, diabetes, epilepsy, schizophrenia, etc.).

The origination of this illness in children is related often to unfavorable family situations (family conflicts, entry into a nursery or a kindergarten, etc.). Disturbances are observed in all units of the nerve regulation of urination – from the cortex to the bladder innervation. The treatment can be started only after it is specified that there is a neurosis and a distinction is made with regard to other types of bed wetting due to epilepsy, schizophrenia, etc.

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DISEASES OF THE SENSORY ORGANS

Thediseases whose indicators are permanent for many years and whose jumpin the result is explicable only with the applied bio energy therapyare especially interesting. It is requisite to prove a permanenteffect from the applied treatment.

NEURITIS OF THE AUDITORY NERVE

Thedisease is related to an inflammation of the auditory nerve as aresult of which hearing is diminished and in some cases this couldlead to deafness. The damage is most often due to a viral infection,but can also be caused by toxic substances (mercury, lead, arsenic,quinine, different antibiotics like Gentamicin, Streptomycin, etc.).The loud noise, the vibrations, the sharp changes in atmosphericpressure could also damage the auditory nerve. Permanent decrease ofhearing could be caused by some diseases like hypertonia,atherosclerosis, etc. The most frequent symptom of the neuritis ofthe auditory nerve is the ear noise. Sometimes there is nausea,vomiting, lack of balance.

OTONEUROLOGICAL SYNDROME

With thisdisease there is a decrease in hearing. The syndrome is centrallynervous when the balance center is affected. Peripheral – when theinnervation (connection) between the internal ear and thespinal-cerebral and the specific cranial-cerebral nerves (forexample, the auditory nerve) is disturbed.

FARSIGHTEDNESS (HYPERMETROPIA)

Farsightednessis the most frequent anomaly in the refraction of the eye(irregularity in refraction), in which the focus of the light rays,which enter the eye, after their refraction by the cornea and thelens, does not fall precisely on the retina (like in the normal eye),but goes somewhere behind the eye. This defect in small and medialstages of farsightedness in younger individuals too can be overcomeand compensated by accommodation, i.e., by the ability of the eyelens to increase their refraction power. This is why in such casesvision is normal and there are no complaints. Patients don’t evenknow that they have such a problem. Yet, in higher stages and inadvanced age, this mechanism is no longer useful. Such patientscomplain of decrease in vision, some complain of headache, rapidfatigue of the eyes when using them at a close distance, eyereddening, frequent appearance of stye on the eyelids and in singularcases – strabismus with a functional dropping behind of thedigressed eye (lazy eye).

Farsightednessappears by birth. With the increase of age, it has the tendency todecrease to a certain degree because with the growing of the eye, itsposterior part approaches the focus.

Treatmentof farsightedness is effected with correction glasses with sphericalpositive lens. The necessity of correction is assessed by theophthalmologist individually depending on the degree ofhypermetropia, on the age of the patient and his complaints.

Realfarsightedness must not be confused with presbyopia, which occursafter the age of 45 due to gradual exhaustion of accommodation, i.e.,it is a physiological phenomenon.

SHORTSIGHTEDNESS (MYOPIA)

Shortsightednessis a refraction anomaly of the eye where – the opposite offarsightedness – the focus of the refracted rays is before theretina. Shortsightedness is a more rare anomaly. There is nocompensation mechanism here, like in farsightedness, and because ofthis, far vision is decreased in all people with myopia – youngerand older. At close distance though, vision is normal. When myopiaexceeds 3 dioptres, in order to see clearly objects and details, theperson has to bring them closer than normal (33 cm) to his eyes.People suffering from myopia often squint.

Shortsightednessis inherited by parents and grandparents, but is also acquired mostlyduring the first 20-25 years.

In low andmedial stages of myopia (up to 6 dioptres), no specific alterationsin the eyes are observed. Such a myopia develops usually in schoolage and is called school myopia. It progresses slowly. Yet in higherstages (over 6, 10, 15 and more dioptres), pathological changes occurin the posterior eye segment – dilution of the vitreous body withthe appearance of flies, the eye membranes are stretched,degenerative changes in the chorioretina occur, especially in theyellow spot. Sometimes serious complications occur like hemorrhages,retina tearing. The visual ability is disturbed.

Treatmentof school myopia is done with correction glasses with negativelenses. In cases of high, progressing and degenerative myopia,medication and operative treatment is applied. Vitamins, tissuetherapy, means for the improvement of eye nourishment and others arealso applied.

Prophylaxisis very important – visual hygiene when reading, strengthening ofthe organism, correct professional orientation of the young,avoidance of strenuous physical exertions with head shaking and sharpeye movements. etc.

ASTIGMATISM

Astigmatismis a refraction anomaly in which the two main meridians of the eye donot refract in the same way the light rays. For this reason, objects,both near and far, are not seen clearly. Besides the decrease ofvision sharpness, there are also other complaints: headache, rapideye fatigue, eye reddening, tears, etc. Astigmatism is an inbornanomaly. It is corrected with cylindrical glasses.

AMBLYOPIA

Amblyopiais a constant and permanent decrease of the central vision withoutorganic reasons in the eye. Most often, amblyopia develops in thelateral (deflected) eye together with shortsightedness. Such an eyeis excluded from the two-eye visual act and with time remainsfunctionally underdeveloped (lazy eye). Strabismal amblyopia is aserious therapeutic problem because the connection between the visualapparatus of the two eyes is permanently disturbed and is very hardto restore. People with joint strabismus have one-eye vision andcannot merge the images from both eyes. Besides strabismus, amblyopiaalso occurs in children with very high farsightedness or largeastigmatism (bilateral refraction or ametropic amblyopia). There isalso inborn amblyopia.

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